Enhanced First Trimester Screening (FTS) is more comprehensive than the double marker test because it includes four serum markers—pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A), free beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (free β-hCG), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and inhibin A—along with nuchal translucency (NT) measurement and maternal age. This expanded panel improves the accuracy of risk assessments for chromosomal abnormalities like Down syndrome and trisomy 18, as well as for open neural tube defects such as spina bifida. The double marker test typically includes only PAPP-A and free β-hCG, providing a less detailed risk evaluation.

Additionally, Enhanced FTS includes a component for assessing the risk of pre-eclampsia, a serious condition characterized by high blood pressure and potential damage to organs such as the liver and kidneys. By evaluating serum markers and NT measurement, the test helps identify women at higher risk for developing pre-eclampsia, allowing for earlier monitoring and intervention. It also assesses the risk of fetal growth restriction, helping to identify cases where the baby may be smaller than expected, which can affect overall development. Overall, Enhanced FTS offers a broader and more detailed risk assessment compared to the double marker test, enabling more informed management and early intervention.